decarboxylase/arabidopsis

The Arabidopsis thaliana protein AtHAL3a decarboxylates 4'-phosphopantothenoylcysteine to 4'-phosphopantetheine, a step in coenzyme A biosynthesis. Surprisingly, this decarboxylation reaction is carried out as an FMN-dependent redox reaction. In the first half-reaction, the side-chain of the

Mitochondria play an essential role in nitric oxide (NO) signal transduction in plants. Using the biotin-switch method in conjunction with nano-liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry, we identified 11 candidate proteins that were S-nitrosylated and/or glutathionylated in mitochondria of

In this study, we have isolated a rice (Oryza sativa L.) glutamate decarboxylase (RicGAD) clone from a root cDNA library, using a partial Arabidopsis thaliana GAD gene as a probe. The rice root cDNA library was constructed with mRNA, which had been derived from the roots of rice seedlings subjected

Ethanolic fermentation is classically associated with waterlogging tolerance when plant cells switch from respiration to anaerobic fermentation. Pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC), which catalyzes the first step in this pathway, is thought to be the main regulatory enzyme. Here, we cloned a full-length

(1R,6R)-2-Succinyl-6-hydroxy-2,4-cyclohexadiene-1-carboxylate (SHCHC) synthase, or MenD, catalyzes the thiamin diphosphate- (ThDP-) dependent decarboxylation of 2-oxoglutarate, the subsequent addition of the resulting succinyl-ThDP moiety to isochorismate, and the delta-elimination of pyruvate to

Glycine decarboxylase is a mitochondrial enzyme complex, which is the site of photorespiratory CO2 and NH3 release. Although the proteins that constitute the complex are located within the mitochondria, because of their intimate association with photosynthesis their expression is controlled by

The NH(2)-terminal domain of the bacterial flavoprotein Dfp catalyzes the decarboxylation of (R)-4'-phospho-N-pantothenoylcysteine to 4'-phosphopantetheine, a key step in coenzyme A biosynthesis. Dfp proteins, LanD proteins (for example EpiD, which is involved in epidermin biosynthesis), and the

We cloned a genomic DNA encoding the glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) from Aspergillus oryzae using a 200-bp DNA fragment as the probe. This DNA fragment was amplified by the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction with mRNA of A. oryzae as the template and degenerate primers designed from the

UDP-glucuronate decarboxylase (UDP-xylose synthase; UXS, EC 4.1.1.35) is an essential enzyme of the non-cellulosic polysaccharide biosynthetic pathway. In the present study, using transient expression of fluorescently labeled Gossypium hirsutum UXS (GhUXS3) protein in onion epidermal cells, we

Biotechnological uses of plant cell-tissue culture usually rely on constitutive transgene expression. However, such expression of transgenes may not always be desirable. In those cases, the use of an inducible promoter could be an alternative approach. To test this hypothesis, we developed two

Glutamate decarboxylase (Gad) catalyzes glutamate to gamma-aminobutyrate conversion. Plant Gad is a approximately 340 kDa hexamer, involved in development and stress response, and regulated by pH and binding of Ca(2+)/calmodulin (CaM) to the C-terminal domain. We determined the crystal structure of

Overexpression of Arabidopsis thaliana genes for the fermentation enzymes, alcohol dehydrogenase and pyruvate decarboxylase, improved the tolerance of A. thaliana hairy roots to low oxygen conditions. Whereas the specific growth rate of untransformed hairy roots in shake flasks and in a

Using subtractive hybridization analysis, the S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (SAMDC) gene from Capsicum annuum was isolated and renamed CaSAMDC. We generated independent transgenic Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) lines constitutively expressing a 35S::CaSAMDC construct. Drought tolerance was

The Arabidopsis thaliana S-Adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (AdoMetDC) cDNA (GenBank U63633) was cloned. Site-specific mutagenesis was performed to introduce mutations at the conserved cysteine Cys(50), Cys(83), and Cys(230), and lys(81) residues. In accordance with the human AdoMetDC, the C50A and

The Arabidopsis thaliana S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (AdoMetDC) cDNA (GenBank(TM) U63633) was cloned, and the AdoMetDC protein was expressed, purified, and characterized. The K(m) value for S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet) is 23.1 microM and the K(i) value for methylglyoxal bis-(guanylhydrazone)