erythema chronicum migrans/ricinus

From three endemic locations of erythema chronicum migrans disease in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, we recovered 19 isolates of a spirochete from Ixodes ricinus ticks. The infection rate in adult ticks was 16 percent. The isolated spirochete is immunologically related to the Ixodes dammini

26 Swedish patients with erythema chronicum migrans (ECM) were studied regarding associated clinical symptoms and antibodies to Swedish Ixodes ricinus spirochete. 11/26 (42%) of the patients had associated symptoms, compared to more than 90% of 314 American patients with ECM, as described by Steere

In the present thesis consecutive patients, 231 with ECMA, 41 with ACA and 20 with facial palsy (Bell's palsy), have been studied. It has been shown that spirochetes, transmitted by the tick Ixodes ricinus, are involved in the etiology of ECMA and ACA. This has been shown through the isolation and

Lyme disease in children is studied in the light of questionnaires sent out twice to departments and divisions of pediatrics in Switzerland. Thirty-six serologically proven cases were collected. The 48 clinical signs attributed to Lyme disease involved the skin in 40%, the nervous system in 40%, and

Using indirect immunofluorescence, IgG antibodies against the recently detected Ixodes-ricinus-spirochaeta, which causes erythema chronicum migrans could be demonstrated in all 21 persons with acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans. Titers were from 1 : 64 to 1 : 1024, specific IgM antibodies were

Previous studies on cells of strains B31 isolated in the U.S.A. from Ixodes dammini and strain G25 isolated in Sweden from Ixodes ricinus, showed that their ultrastructure was similar, but not identical. For this reason the studies were extended to spirochetes isolated directly from patients with

The presence of signs of joint involvement was investigated in 231 patients with erythema chronicum migrans Afzelius (ECMA), in 50 patients with acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans (ACA), in four patients with spirochete-induced facial palsy and in one patient with pericarditis and serologic

We studied the rate of transmission of Borrelia burgdorferi from ticks (Ixodes ricinus) to man under field conditions in a case control study. At a holiday camp in southern Germany 384 ticks were removed from 272 persons. Information on symptoms possibly related to Borrelia infection were obtained