A longitudinal study of one cohort of 360 participants aged at least 60 years. Participants will be required to provide a stool sample, provide a blood sample and complete a health questionnaire every 6 months for 4 years. At alternate visits, participants will be required to under go cognitive assessments and physical measurements.
Participants will be required to under go an Optical Coherence Tomography Scan 3 times over 4 years.
Sub group 1 - During a routine care colonoscopy, at least 90 participants will have 6-8 colon tissue biopsies taken for research purposes.
Sub group 2 - Participants from cohort 3 only will be offered an optional brain MRI until the required number of 30 participants is achieved.

Ageing

Quadram Institute Bioscience

Microbiome of the Ageing Gut and Its Effect on Human Gut Health and Cognition.

A Longitudinal Study in a Cohort Aged 60 Years and Older to Obtain Mechanistic Knowledge of the Role of the Gut Microbiome During Normal Healthy Ageing in Order to Develop Strategies That Will Improve Lifelong Health and Wellbeing.

Changes in microbiome measured by DNA/RNA sequencing of longitudinal samples collected at 6 monthly intervals.

Banking of longitudinal samples collected throughout the study that will be used in future research.

Changes in microbial composition associated with cognitive function and clinical data collected throughout the study.

The study team will ensure fully compliance with the standards required for deposition of information in any relevant public databases. Anonymised datasets will be kept indefinitely and available to other researchers to comply with journal requirements when required.

Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust

a fraction of physiological detected stress incidents will not trigger TVS

The majority of detected stress incidents will trigger TVS. Participants can also trigger TVS voluntarily

Health Behavior

TVS is an exteroceptive cue that may reduce subjective and physiological indicators of stress and increase behavioral performance

Tuned Vibroacoustic Stimulation (TVS)

no active intervention

Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic

Wearable Emotion Prosthetics for Post Traumatic Stress Disorder

Subjective affect / symptom ratings will be obtained daily. Spline fitting will be used to create a smoothed estimate of trajectory, the beginning and end points of which will be compared.

HRV, an index of parasympathetic reactivity, will be obtained throughout the day during the study. Increased HRV indicates increased parasympathetic reactivity, which suggests an increased physiological indicator of emotion regulation. Spline fitting will be used to create a smoothed estimate of trajectory, the beginning and end points of which will be compared.

HRV, an index of parasympathetic reactivity, will be obtained during laboratory information processing tasks (paced auditory serial attention, emotional picture viewing). Increased HRV indicates increased parasympathetic reactivity, which suggests an increased physiological indicator of emotion regulation.

GSR, index of sympathetic reactivity, will be obtained during lab tasks before and after the intervention. Decreased GSR indicates decreased sympathetic reactivity, which suggests an increased physiological indicator of emotion regulation.

prefrontal gamma band EEG will be obtained during lab information processing tasks. Increased prefrontal gamma band EEG suggests an increased physiological indicator of emotion regulation.

Following publication of primary results, individual anonymized data on primary outcome measures will be made available to other researchers. Before publication, primary outcome measures will be shared in negotiation with a proposed analysis plan from qualified investigators.

Greg Siegle

Associate Professor

University of Pittsburgh

randomized, controlled factorial within subject design

Control group will receive placebo medication therapy

pomegranate group will receive oral pomegranate (500 mg, twice per day)

Hearing Impairment

The gel contains a mixture of glucose and maltodextrin - a complex carbohydrate - along with fat and a trace of protein.

Placebo

Pomegranate

Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital

The Beneficial Effects of Pomegranate on Hearing of Patients Without Hemodialysis

The Beneficial Effects of Pomegranate on Hearing of Patients Without Hemodialysis: A Prospective, Randomized, Double-blinded Clinical Trial

pure tone thresholds of 250, 500, 1000, 2000, 4000, 8000 Hz were measured.

The speech recognition threshold is the lowest hearing level at which speech can barely be recognized or understood. The SRT is defined as the lowest hearing level at which the patient correctly repeats 50% of a list of spondaic words. Examples are airplane, hot dog, outside, ice cream, and baseball. Usually a very soft level (db HL).

The SDS test tool is a single syllable word list. Each table consists of 50 words, such as, look, go. The test method is to listen to the subject at a volume higher than the SRT value of 20 to 40 dB (30 dB), so that the subject repeats the spoken word sound. Based on the percentage of correct answers, normal people can repeat 95 to 100% of the words, and 80% or less of them are bad discriminating power and affect the understanding of language. SDS is usually expressed in %.

Dalin Tzu Chi General Hospital

Patients will receive a stellate ganglion block but with 10ml of 0.9% saline.

Patients will receive a stellate ganglion block with 10ml of 0.5% bupivacaine

Atrial Fibrillation

Patients will receive a stellate ganglion block using 10 ml of 0.5% bupivacaine

Bupivacaine

Patients will receive a stellate ganglion block using 10 ml of 0.9% saline

Saline

Maine Medical Center

Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of SGB in Preventing Post-op Atrial Fibrillation

Study for the Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Stellate Ganglion Blockade in Preventing Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation

looking for absence of new onset postoperative atrial fibrillation

Christopher Connors, MD

Director of Cardiac Anesthesia

Randomized Controlled Trial with 2 arms, treatment and placebo

Study drugs will be randomized and prepared by the institutional pharmacy. The research coordinator will maintain the log tracking which patients received treatment vs placebo.

ganglion cysts/obesity

Microbiome of the Ageing Gut and Its Effect on Human Gut Health and Cognition.

Wearable Emotion Prosthetics for Post Traumatic Stress Disorder

The Beneficial Effects of Pomegranate on Hearing of Patients Without Hemodialysis

Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of SGB in Preventing Post-op Atrial Fibrillation

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