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An anesthetic dose of 50 mg/kg (i.p.) sodium pentobarbital caused a 61% increase in blood glucose levels in mice. Nicotine (2.5 mg/kg) given intraperitoneally 15 min prior to the sodium pentobarbital treatment further increased hyperglycemia by 29% over pentobarbital alone and 90% higher than the
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major complication of diabetes mellitus. Clinic reports indicate cigarette smoking is an independent risk factor for chronic kidney disease including DN; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not clear. Recent studies have demonstrated that nicotine, one of
Effects of nifedipine and verapamil on nicotine-induced hyperglycemia were studied in fasted, anesthetized male rats. Blood glucose was measured using the glucose oxidase method. Nifedipine (0.05-0.20 mg/kg i.p.) significantly reduced nicotine-induced hyperglycemia in a dose-dependent manner. While
BACKGROUND
The aims of this study were to estimate the risk for diabetic retinopathy (DR) and to identify risk factors. We investigated a nationwide population-based cohort with diabetes diagnosed at age 15-34years.
METHODS
Of 794 patients registered 1987-1988 in the Diabetes Incidence Study in
It is well-documented that nicotine, the main active ingredient in cigarettes, results in endothelial cell injury in numerous diseases. However, whether nicotine plays a crucial role in endothelial cell injury in diabetes and the exact molecular mechanism that mediates this process have not been
OBJECTIVE
To determine if hyperglycemia in postoperative orthopaedic trauma patients with no known history of diabetes mellitus is associated with an increased rate of infectious complications.
METHODS
Retrospective review.
METHODS
University Level I trauma center.
METHODS
One hundred ten
BACKGROUND
Hyperglycemia in nondiabetic patients outside the intensive care unit is not well defined. We evaluated the relationship of hyperglycemia and surgical site infection (SSI) in stable nondiabetic patients with orthopedic injuries.
METHODS
We conducted a prospective observational cohort
We evaluated the future risk of developing impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in patient without T2DM who develop hyperglycemia with short-term systemic glucocorticoid therapy during hospitalization.METHODS
Retrospective
Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) were caused by risk factors also rising rapidly and killed more people. This study aimed to explore and determine the prevalence and distribution of alcohol and tobacco use as NCDs's risk factors. We used a cross-sectional survey on Health dataset between October 2013
The rewarding effects of nicotine have been previously shown to be enhanced in rodent models of diabetes. It is presently unclear whether the enhanced nicotine reward observed in the diabetes models are mediated via an insulin or glucose mechanism. This study examined whether the enhanced rewarding
Diabetes is considered a group of diseases with chronic hyperglycemia caused by various organ disorders, failure or damage as a common feature. Hyperglycemia exerts toxic effect on endothelium, promotes oxidative stress, inhibits bioavailability of nitrogen monoxide (NO) and leads to formation of
Cigarette smoking causes insulin resistance. However, nicotine induces anti-inflammation and improves glucose tolerance in insulin-resistant animal models. Here, we determined the effects of nicotine on glucose metabolism in insulin-sensitive C57BL/J6 mice. Acute nicotine administration (30 min)
BACKGROUND
Impaired fibroblast function due to hyperglycemia shows reversal in response to insulin. The aim of this investigation was to use a hyperglycemic cell-culture model to study the anabolic products of androgen metabolism in fibroblasts in response to insulin and nicotine.
METHODS
Human
Cigarette smoking impairs glucose tolerance and alters serum levels of hormones involved in glucose metabolism, but the role of nicotine in such hormonal alterations is not well understood. In order to isolate the effects of transdermal nicotine on serum glucose, insulin, growth hormone, and
Short-term hyperglycemia suppresses superior cervical ganglia neurotransmission. If this ganglionic dysfunction also occurs in the islet sympathetic pathway, sympathetically mediated glucagon responses could be impaired. Our objectives were 1) to test for a suppressive effect of 7 days of