hyperkalemia/carbohydrate

In order to evaluate the potential role of hyperkalemia and metabolic acidosis on the disturbances of carbohydrate metabolism normally seen in uremia, a specific model of acute uremia devoid of hyperkalemia and severe metabolic acidosis was chosen. Therefore, rats were deprived of potassium prior to

Patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) are continuously exposed to hyperkalemia. In these patients the extrarenal disposal of a potassium load may be very important to determine the plasma potassium levels. We studied the effect of a combined oral load of potassium (0.5 mEq/kg body weight) and

Carbohydrate metabolism was studied during a 72-hr fast in 11 nondiabetic endstage renal disease (ESRD) patients on chronic hemodialysis and six normal subjects. Blood was obtained every 12 hr for metabolic substrate, insulin, and potassium concentrations. Serum potassium concentrations were

Thyrotoxic hypokalemic periodic paralysis is an uncommon disorder characterized by elevated thyroid hormone, muscle weakness or paralysis, and intracellular shifts of potassium leading to hypokalemia. This article presents a case of thyrotoxic hypokalemic periodic paralysis in a 22-year old Hispanic

BACKGROUND GLUT1 (glucose transporter 1) deficiency syndrome is a well-known presentation in pediatric practice. Very rare mutations not only disable carbohydrate transport but also cause the red cell membrane to be constitutively permeant to monovalent cations, namely sodium and

BACKGROUND Sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate) commonly is used in treating hyperkalemia. As a cation exchange resin, it also can be used to reduce the potassium content of enteral nutrition formulas. This study evaluates the use of Kayexalate to reduce potassium in one high-protein enteral

Thyrotoxic periodic paralysis (TPP) is a rare reversible cause of paralysis and cramping. TPP is usually precipitated by common causes of thyrotoxicosis such as Grave disease or multinodular goiter. TPP precipitated by exogenous triiodothyronine (T3) intake is an extremely rare occurrence with only

The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system plays an important role in the development and maintenance of high blood pressure in several forms of hypertension. In hypertensive patients with primary aldosteronism, antimineralocorticoids are, as expected, very effective in reducing blood pressure and

Free fatty acids (FFA), the predominant myocardial energy substrate, are present in increased quantities immediately following acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and may cause deleterious alterations in cardiac rhythm, oxygen consumption, and mechanical performance. In an attempt to suppress FFA and

Objective. Thyrotoxic periodic paralysis (TPP), a known condition in Asian men, is becoming increasingly common in men from Western countries. Since suspicion for TPP as a differential in diagnosis is of utmost importance to avoid overcorrection of hypokalemia and other complications, we are

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is the commonest endocrine emergency encountered in clinical practice. Although in the last 3 decades the average worldwide immediate mortality has decreased from 10% to 5%, survival has not improved strikingly. The pathogenesis of DKA is currently attributed to a

Side effects of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are not common with currently recommended doses. Hypotension, hyperkalemia and renal impairment may occur under special circumstances, and relate directly to blockade of ACE, in particular when pre-treatment renin levels are high. Other

Rhabdomyolysis is a disorder characterized by acute damage of the sarcolemma of the skeletal muscle leading to release of potentially toxic muscle cell components into the circulation, most notably creatine phosphokinase (CK) and myoglobin, and is frequently accompanied by myoglobinuria. Therefore,

BACKGROUND Cardiac disease is the major cause of death in hemodialysis patients (HD). It is now clear that aldosterone has deleterious effects in the cardiovascular system. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of an aldosterone-antagonist, spironolactone, on the extrarenal regulation of

This study was aimed to investigate the nutritional status and the role of diabetes mellitus in hemodialysis (HD) patients. Anthropometric, biochemical, and dietary assessments for HD 110 patients (46 males and 64 females) were conducted. Mean body mass index (BMI) was 22.1 kg/m(2) and prevalence of