l tryptophan/hypoxia

Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) suppresses T-cell function at least in part by altering cell metabolism. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) increases upon T-cell activation and alters cell metabolism favoring their differentiation to effector cells. The effect of IDO on HIF-1α expression and

Following induction of gastric ulcer in rats by serosal application of acetic acid, local mucosal necrosis ensues accompanied by a reduction in mucosal microcirculation and by almost immediate expression of inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase (iNOS) and proinflammatory cytokines. Daily application

Purpose Children with cerebral palsy (CP) often exhibit difficulties in feeding resulting from deficits in chewing. This study investigates the therapeutic potential of L-tryptophan (TRI) to reduce deficits in chewing in rats subjected to an experimental model of CP.Methods A total of

Altitude induced insomnia is a very common symptom in mountaineering. Conventional hypnotics such as benzodiazepines potentially can be associated with untoward side effects because they can impair ventilatory adaptation to hypoxia at altitude. The objective of our study was to evaluate the effect

OBJECTIVE Hypoxia plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of acute kidney injury (AKI). Autophagy protects from AKI. Amino acid deprivation induces autophagy. The effect of L-tryptophan depletion on survival and autophagy in cultures of renal proximal tubular epithelial cells (RPTECs) under

1. In in vitro experiments with accumulating mucosal preparations (AMP) and everted intestinal sacs, as well as in in vivo experiments with isolated loops of the small intestine the stimulating effect of a number of amino acids on L-tryptophan uptake was investigated. 2. Under "switched off" active

A series of four patients with pulmonary infiltrates, pleural effusions, hypoxemia, peripheral eosinophilia, and symptoms of dyspnea, fatigue, and weakness is reported. Lung tissue obtained in three patients revealed interstitial pneumonitis, small-to-medium-vessel mixed-cell vasculitis, and

Picolinic acid, a catabolite of L-tryptophan, activates the transcription of the inducible nitric oxide synthase gene (iNOS) in IFN-gamma-treated murine macrophages. We performed functional studies on the 5' flanking region of the iNOS gene linked to a CAT reporter gene to identify the cis-acting

Concentrations of the three main monoamines (5-HT, NA, and DA), their metabolites (5-HIAA, DOPAC, and HVA), and the serotonin precursor 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan were simultaneously measured in frontal cortex, gyrus cinguli, and hypothalamus from 23 controls and 18 suicide victims. Overall suicides did

A 43-year-old African-American female with anemia secondary to uterine leiomyomas and menorrhagia presented with induration and stiffness of the right arm and hand four weeks after receiving intravenous iron infusions at multiple infusion sites along the right proximal forearm. Multiple intravenous

This review integrates the clinical aspects of systemic sclerosis (SSc; scleroderma) and scleroderma-like conditions with new knowledge of the control of blood vessel tone and the role of anoxia in the activation of connective tissues leading to fibrosis. Serologic tests, high resolution computed

The response of myoclonus to oral and intravenous L-5-hydroxytryptophan (5-H.T.P.) in combination with a peripheral decarboxylase inhibitor (carbidopa) and to clonazepam has been examined in 9 patients. Moderate improvement or complete cessation of myoclonus followed treatment with one or both of

Interstitial pneumonias comprise a significant proportion of cattle respiratory diseases. Known by different names, such as acute bovine pulmonary emphysema and edema (ABPE), fog fever, atypical interstitial pneumonia (AIP) and cow asthma, the condition seems to occur predominantly in late summer or

The heme enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-1 (IDO1) catalyzes the first reaction of l-tryptophan oxidation along the kynurenine pathway. IDO1 is a central immunoregulatory enzyme with important implications for inflammation, infectious disease, autoimmune disorders, and cancer. Here we demonstrate