muscarine/atrophy

The effects of lesions to the mesocortical dopaminergic system on D2 dopamine receptors and muscarine receptors in the frontal cortex of the rat was examined. Four weeks following 6-hydroxydopamine lesioning of the ventral tegmental area, there was a 26% increase in the number of [3H]spiroperidol

In training for passive avoidance using a device of the step-down type, the nootropic agents piracetam (60 mg/kg orally) and centrophenoxine (100 mg/kg, i. p.) do not facilitate learning, while the ergot alkaloid elymoclavine (1 mg/kg, i. p.) tends to have a positive effect on learning and memory.

In experiments involving training of albino rats in a maze it has been established that amphetamine in a dose of 0.5 mg/kg introduced 15 min before learning has almost no effect, in a dose of 2 mg/kg it slightly deteriorates learning and retention, while in a dose of 1 mg/kg both learning and

Cortical neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is suggested to be attributable not only to beta-protein but also to glutamate. Although degeneration of cholinergic projection to the cerebral cortex is recognized to be one of the most prominent pathological changes in AD, there is only

Voltage-gated potassium channels (Kv) is the largest, most complex in potassium channel superfamily. It can be divided into Kv alpha subunit and auxiliary two groups. The roles of some Kv channels types, e.g. rapidly inactivating (A-Type channel) and muscarine sensitive channels (M-type channel) are

Loss of preganglionic neurones underlies the autonomic failure of human multiple system atrophy. In rat sympathetic ganglia decentralization leads to new synapse formation. We explored whether these synapses are functional, and whether chronically decentralized neurones respond normally to

Overactive bladder syndrome is a widespread disorder that leads to considerable impairment of quality of life. Besides behavioural therapy (bladder training), methods used in physiotherapy, electrotherapy and instrumental biofeedback have also proved to be successful approaches to treatment. With