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BACKGROUND
Infectious diseases are among the most morbid events in uremia. The uremic toxin p-cresol may play a role in the immunodeficiency of uremia by depressing phagocyte functional capacity. Leukocyte adhesion to endothelium, a key event in the immune response, is mediated by endothelial
OBJECTIVE
Cresols are present in antiseptics, coal tar, some resins, pesticides, and industrial solvents. Cresol intoxication leads to hepatic injury due to coagulopathy as well as disturbance of hepatic circulation in fatal cases. Patients with uremia suffer from cardiovascular complications, such
BACKGROUND
Hemodialysis (HD) and hemodiafiltration clear only with a low efficiency the plasma from interleukin-6 and p-cresol, two protein-bound uremic toxins associated with high cardiovascular risk in end stage renal disease. HFR Supra is a double-chamber hemodiafiltration system in which the
BACKGROUND
p-Cresol sulfate (PCS) and indoxyl sulfate (IS) have important roles in the kidney injury. The aim of this study was to determine the inflammatory response to PCS and IS.
METHODS
Cultured mouse proximal renal tubular cells were treated with PCS or IS and analyzed by polymerase chain
Using rat paw dextran-induced and carrageenan-induced edemas, the antiedematous activities of dihydrate of diaquatetrakis(p-cresotato)dicopper(II) complex (CupC) and diaquabis(p-cresotato)zinc(II) complex (ZnpC) were assayed plethysmometrically. Dihydrate of diaquabis(salicylato)copper(II) complex
Final report on the safety assessment of sodium p-chloro-m-cresol, p-chloro-m-cresol, chlorothymol, mixed cresols, m-cresol, o-cresol, p-cresol, isopropyl cresols, thymol, o-cymen-5-ol, and carvacrol.
Sodium p-Chloro-m-Cresol, p-Chloro-m-Cresol (PCMC), Mixed Cresols, m-Cresol, o-Cresol, p-Cresol, Isopropyl Cresols, Thymol, Chlorothymol, o-Cymen-5-ol, and Carvacrol are substituted phenols used as cosmetic biocides/preservatives and/or fragrance ingredients. Only PCMC, Thymol, and o-Cymen-5-ol are
OBJECTIVE
Phenolic compounds, particularly dihydroxybiphenyl-related compounds, possess efficient anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activity. We investigated the anti-inflammatory activity of 2,2'-dihydroxy-5,5'-dimethylbiphenol (p-cresol dimer), 2,2'-dihydroxy-5,5'-dimethoxybiphenol (pHA dimer),
BACKGROUND
No index for non-invasive diagnosis of subclinical pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is available at this time. Here we carried out a plasma metabolomic study to search for potential biomarkers to facilitate its non-invasive diagnosis.
METHODS
The metabolites in plasma were detected by
p-Cresol is a by-product of the metabolism of aromatic aminoacid operated by resident intestinal bacteria. In patients with chronic kidney disease, the accumulation of p-cresol and of its metabolite p-cresyl-sulphate causes endothelial dysfunction and ultimately increases the cardiovascular risk of
Protein-bound uremic toxins, such as p-cresol sulfate (PCS), can be accumulated with declined renal function and aging and is closely linked with central nervous system (CNS) diseases. In the periphery, PCS has effects on oxidative stress and inflammation. Since oxidative stress and inflammation
In end-stage renal disease (ESRD), gut-derived uremic toxins play a crucial role in the systemic inflammation and oxidative stress promoting the excess morbidity and mortality. The biochemical derangement is in part a consequence of an insufficient generation of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) due to
BACKGROUND
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality in hemodialysis patients and is associated with chronic inflammation. Elevation of uremic toxins, particular protein-bound uremic toxins, is a possible cause of hyper-inflammation in hemodialysis patients. But the association
Dysbiosis may favor the occurrence of inflammation and oxidative stress in chronic kidney disease (CKD). It has been suggested that the intake of pre/probiotics may control the progression of chronic kidney disease. Thus, the objective of this study was to systematically review the literature on the
The gut microbiota is important for maintaining the integrity of the intestinal barrier, promoting immunological tolerance and carrying out metabolic activities that have not evolved in hosts. Intestinal dysbiosis is associated with chronic kidney disease and probiotic supplementation has been shown
BACKGROUND
p-cresol (PC) and p-cresyl sulfate (PCS) are responsible for many of the uremia clinical consequences, such as atherosclerosis in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) patients.
OBJECTIVE
We investigate the in vitro impact of PC and PCS on monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) expression via