phytoene/nicotiana

Fluorescence imaging in plants is unusually challenging because of the large amounts of photosynthetic pigments contained in green plant tissues. For example, chlorophyll can obstruct the penetration of light and has high levels of autofluorescence at wavelengths that are often used for fluorescence

Phytoene synthase (PSY) is the first committed enzyme of the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway and the most important point of regulation. Carotenoids are precursors of abscisic acid (ABA), which mediates abiotic stress tolerance responses in plants. ABA activates the synthesis of its own precursors

Virus induced gene silencing (VIGS) is an effective technology for gene function analysis in plants. We assessed the VIGS effectiveness in Nicotiana benthamiana and citrus plants of different Citrus leaf blotch virus (CLBV)-based vectors, using insets of the phytoene desaturase (pds) gene. While in

Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) has been widely used for plant functional genomics study at the post-transcriptional level using various DNA or RNA viral vectors. However, while virus-induced transcriptional gene silencing (VITGS) via DNA methylation of gene promoter was achieved using several

In bioassays with artificial diets, the 17-hydroxygeranyllinalool diterpenoid glycosides (HGL-DTGs) of Nicotiana attenuata function as antifeedants for the plant's adapted herbivore, tobacco hornworm (Manduca sexta). To determine whether HGL-DTGs have a defensive function in planta, we suppressed

Virus-based expression vectors are important tools for high-level production of foreign proteins and for gene function analysis through virus induced gene silencing. To exploit further their advantages as fast, high yield replicons, a set of vectors was produced by converting and adapting Potato

Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) is an attractive approach for studying gene function. Although the number of virus vectors available for use in VIGS experiments has increased in recent years, most of these vectors are applied in annual or herbaceous plants. The aim of this work was to develop a

BACKGROUND Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) is an optimal tool for functional analysis of genes in plants, as the viral vector spreads throughout the plant and causes reduced expression of selected gene over the whole plant. Potato (Solanum tuberosum) is one of the most important food crops,

Lithospermum erythrorhizon is a medicinal plant that produces shikonin, a red lipophilic naphthoquinone derivative that accumulates exclusively in roots. The biosynthetic steps required to complete the naphthalene ring of shikonin and its mechanism of secretion remain unclear. Multiple omics studies

Crocins and picrocrocin are glycosylated apocarotenoids responsible, respectively, for the color and the unique taste of the saffron spice, known as red gold due to its high price. Several studies have also shown the health-promoting properties of these compounds. However, their high costs hamper

We report here the development of tobacco ringspot virus (TRSV)-based vectors for the transient expression of foreign genes and for the analysis of endogenous gene function in plants using virus-induced gene silencing. The jellyfish green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene was inserted between the TRSV

The bipartite Abutilon mosaic virus (AbMV) was engineered as a versatile silencing vector in which the coat protein gene of DNA A was deleted and replaced by sequences of interest. Plants transgenic for the dimeric AbMV DNA B component were used as test hosts to minimize the risk of unintended

Carotenoids are red, yellow and orange pigments, which are widely distributed in nature and are especially abundant in yellow-orange fruits and vegetables and dark green leafy vegetables. Carotenoids are essential for photosynthesis and photoprotection in plant life and also have different

Tomato bushy stunt virus (TBSV) coat protein (CP) replacement vectors have been used previously to silence transgenes (e.g., the green fluorescent protein gene) but have not been effective for silencing endogenous plant genes. New TBSV vectors which retained the CP gene were developed by engineering

The CRISPR/Cas9 system is widely used for targeted mutagenesis in many organisms including plants. For application of this system, tissue culture methods need to be established. In this study, detailed methods for introduction of mutations in tomato and Nicotiana benthamiana plants using the