protopanaxatriol/inflammation

BACKGROUND Antiallergic effect of 20(S)-protopanaxatriol (PPT), an intestinal metabolite of ginseng saponins, was investigated in guinea pig lung mast cells and mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells activated by a specific antigen/antibody reaction. METHODS Increasing concentrations of PPT were

Ginseng has been used as functional foods and tonic for enhancing immune power. Currently, the potential protective effect of 20S-protopanaxatriol (M4), the metabolites of protopanaxatriol, against hepatic fibrosis is investigated, which could supply nutritional interventions for disease treatment.

Black ginseng (BG), which is ginseng that has been steamed and dried nine times, and its main protopanaxatriol-type ginsenosides Rg4, Rg6, Rh4, and Rg2 have been reported to exhibit various forms of biological activity, including antiseptic, antidiabetic, wound-healing, immune-stimulatory, and

Ginsenosides, bioactive compounds of Panax Ginseng C.A. Meyer, are divided into protopanaxadiol (PD) and protopanaxtriol (PT). The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effects of different PD and PT combination ratios on liver inflammation and apoptosis in hyperlipidemic apo E KO mice.

Ginsenoside Rg1, one of the main constituents of Panax ginseng, exhibits anti-inflammatory effect. In a preliminary study, it was observed that ginsenoside Rg1 was metabolized to 20(S)-protopanaxtriol via ginsenosides Rh1 and F1 by gut microbiota. We further investigated the anti-inflammatory

Oxidative stress injury and apoptosis are the main mechanisms of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MI/RI). Compounds with anti-oxidant properties can treat MI/RI. Therefore, identification of natural antioxidants such as herbs or botanical drugs is an ideal strategy to develop safe and

Glucocorticoids are steroid hormones that regulate inflammation, growth, metabolism, and apoptosis via their cognate receptor, the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). GR, acting mainly as a transcription factor, activates or represses the expression of a large number of target genes, among them, many

Ginsenosides from Panax ginseng are metabolized by human intestinal bacteria after oral administration of ginseng extract. 20(S)-Protopanaxatriol (PPT) is one of the major metabolites of ginsenosides. Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) are important enzymes that

The purpose of this study was to explore the protective effect of protopanaxatriol (PPT) on acute liver injury induced by concanavalin A (ConA). In this study, mice were randomly separated into four groups. The first group received PBS (i.v.). The second group was given PPT (50 mg/kg body weight,

Aglycon protopanaxatriol (APPT) has valuable pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammatory and anti-stress activities. However, the complete conversion of all typical glycosylated protopanaxatriol ginsenosides to APPT has not been achieved to date. β-Glycosidase from the hyperthermophilic

Ginsenoside is a major active component of ginseng, which exhibits various pharmacological properties such as hepatoprotection, tumor suppression and diabetes resistance. In this study, the anti-diabetic effects of protopanaxadiol (PPD) and protopanaxatriol (PPT)-type saponins were explored and

Panax ginseng C.A. MEYER (Araliaceae), which contains ginsenosides as its main components, has been shown to have various biological effects, including anti-inflammatory, anxiolytic, anti-stress, and anti-tumor effects. Orally administered ginsenoside Rb1 and Re are metabolized to

Although glucocorticoids (GCs) are widely used as anti-inflammatory drugs, they are often accompanied by adverse effects, which are mainly due to the transactivation of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) target genes. In order to screen novel plant-derived GR ligands (phytocorticoids) capable of

Protopanaxatriol saponin (PPT) has excellent anti-cancer, anti-diabetes, and anti-anemia effects, but its effect on intestinal bacteria has rarely been studied. In this study, we investigated whether PPT has the ability to improve intestinal health in antibiotic-treated mice. Model mice were