typhoid fever/protease

The virulence factor PgtE is an outer membrane protease (omptin) of the zoonotic pathogen Salmonella enterica that causes diseases ranging from gastroenteritis to severe enteric fever. It is surface exposed in bacteria that have a short-chain, i.e., rough LPS, as observed e.g., in bacteria residing

BACKGROUND Prohibitins (PHBs), comprising the two homologous members PHB1 and PHB2, are ubiquitously expressed and highly conserved. The membrane PHBs have been reported to be involved in typhoid fever, obesity, and cancer metastasis. Proteomic studies have revealed the presence of PHBs in human

Salmonella typhimurium invades host macrophages and induces apoptosis and the release of mature proinflammatory cytokines. SipB, a protein translocated by Salmonella into the cytoplasm of macrophages, is required for activation of Caspase-1 (Casp-1, an interleukin [IL]-1beta-converting enzyme),

BACKGROUND Typhoid fever, caused by the intracellular pathogen Salmonella (S.) enterica serovar Typhi, remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Granzymes are serine proteases promoting cytotoxic lymphocytes mediated eradication of intracellular pathogens via the induction of cell

Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium causes self-limiting gastroenteritis in humans and a typhoid-like disease in mice that serves as a model for typhoid infections in humans. A critical step in Salmonella pathogenesis is the invasion of enterocytes and M cells of the small intestine via

Chickens can be infected with Salmonella enterica at any time during their life. However, infections within the first hours and days of their life are epidemiologically the most important, as newly hatched chickens are highly sensitive to Salmonella infection. Salmonella is initially recognized in

Transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA) was isolated from a two-heptose mutant of Salmonella typhimurium LT2 (strain SL1004) and was found to afford 100% mouse protection against challenge with 1000 LD50 of strain LT2. The intraperitoneal minimum effective dose of tRNA was 5 micrograms RNA per mouse and

Attenuated Salmonella typhi vaccine strain CVD 908, which harbors deletion mutations in aroC and aroD, has been shown to be well-tolerated and highly immunogenic, eliciting impressive serum antibody, mucosal IgA and cell-mediated immune responses. A further derivative prepared by introducing a

The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein is an epithelial receptor mediating the translocation of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi to the gastric submucosa. Since the level of cell surface CFTR is directly related to the efficiency of serovar Typhi translocation, the

1. The intravenous injection of killed organisms is followed by the mobilization of a non-specific protease and lipase; the rapidity and extent of this reaction depend upon the toxicity of the organism and on the resistance of the organism to proteolysis. 2. The temperature and leucocytic curve bear

The effects of techniques commonly used in the collection and processing of human intestinal fluid on the specific secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) response following oral immunization with the live typhoid vaccine Salmonella typhi Ty21a were examined. It was observed that the failure to adjust

Typhoid fever is an acute illness in humans, caused by Salmonella typhi, a gram-negative bacterium. Outer membrane proteins of S. typhi have strong potential for its use in the development of subunit vaccine against typhoid. In the current study, peptide-based subunit vaccine was constructed from

The properties of two candidate Salmonella typhi-based live oral typhoid vaccine strains, BRD691 (S. typhi Ty2 harboring mutations in aroA and aroC) and BRD1116 (S. typhi Ty2 harboring mutations in aroA, aroC, and htrA), were compared in a number of in vitro and in vivo assays. BRD1116 exhibited an

Recent evidence suggests that live oral Salmonella-HIV vaccine vectors have the potential to elicit HIV-specific T cell-mediated immunity in both the mucosal and systemic compartments. We are using the mouse-typhoid model to identify Salmonella::HIV vaccine vector constructs that elicit HIV-specific

We have attempted in the preceding experiments the beginning of an analysis of bacterial anaphylaxis and its relation to the occurrences in the animal body during an infectious disease. We have shown that the sensitization of the tissues of guinea pigs, as indicated by the isolated uterus, required