Constipation

Lifestyle advices such as increasing fluid and fibre intake, improving physical activity level, and taking the ideal posture for defecation (squatting position) with a two-pages document.

Standard bowel management

Abdominal massage will be performed three days a week for four weeks. Each session will last around 15-20 minutes.

Abdominal massage

Placebo ultrasound (US) will be applied to the abdominal region for four weeks, 2 days of the week and 15 minutes per day.

Placebo Ultrasound

Ceren Orhan

The Effects of Abdominal Massage on Functional (Primary) Chronic Constipation

Constipation Severity Instrument (CSI) will be used to evaluate the severity of the constipation. CSI was designed to evaluate defecation frequency and consistency as well as the level of straining experienced by individuals during bowel movement. There are three subscales of CSI, obstructive defecation (OT), colonic inertia (CI), and pain. Higher scores of CSI indicate more severe constipation.

Patient Assessment of Constipation Quality of Life Questionnaire (PAC-QOL) will be used to evaluate quality of life. This questionnaire includes a total of 28 items in 4 subscales: worries and concerns (11 items), physical discomfort (4 items), psychosocial discomfort (8 items), and satisfaction (5 items). Higher scores of PAC-QOL indicate more negative effects of constipation on the quality of life.

The stool consistency will be evaluated using the Bristol Stool Scale (BSS), quick and useful indicator of the colonic transit time , a seven-point scale (from 1 to 7), type 1=separate hard lumps, like nuts; 2=sausage shaped but lumpy; 3=like a sausage or snake, but with cracks on its surface; 4=like a sausage or snake, smooth and soft; 5=soft blobs with clear cut edges; 6=ﬂuffy pieces with ragged edges, a mushy stool; 7=water, no solid pieces. While type 1 and 2 indicate hard stool, type 3,4 and 5 show looser (ideal) stool.

In order to gather information regarding the participants' symptoms of constipation, they will be asked to complete a 7-day bowel diary during the treatment period. This diary includes items regarding the frequency of bowel movement, stool consistency, defecation time, feeling of incomplete evacuation, and changes in food and liquid consumption.

Visual Analogue Scale (VAS): This scale is a 10 cm horizontal line. 0 = no pain / bloating / meaning no effect, 10 = unbearable pain / bloating / experiencing

The physical activity levels of the individuals in the last seven days are evaluated under 4 headings (severe activities, moderate activity, walking and sitting). While calculating the total score, the MET-min scores of the patients are obtained by multiplying the duration of activity and frequency of activities (number of days) by the BAT values given to activities (severe activity = 8 MET, moderate activity = 4 MET, walking = 3.3 MET)

It is a 7-item scale that evaluates the perception of the change in the effect of constipation and related complaints on the life of the patient compared to the study. The options on this scale are ''much much better'', ''much better'', 'a little better'', ''no change", ''a little worse'', ''much worse'', ''much much worse''

Doc. Dr.

Hacettepe University

All non-ICU medicine and surgery patients at Sinai Health System who have a mid-stream urine culture ordered

Asymptomatic Bacteriuria

Urinary Tract Infections

microbiology lab will not process culture unless called

not processing urine cultures

Mount Sinai Hospital

Safety and Effectiveness of a Laboratory Intervention to Effectively NOT Treat Asymptomatic Bacteriuria

Safety and Effectiveness of a Laboratory Intervention to Effectively NOT Treat Asymptomatic Bacteriuria (SALIENT-A)

serious adverse events associated with not processing urine culture

Rate of serious adverse events in patients without symptoms who did and did not have urine specimens processed

Rate of serious adverse events due to antibiotic therapy in patients who received antibiotics for asymptomatic bacteriuria

Proportion of patients with symptomatic urinary tract infection (UTI) who did not respond to initial empiric antibiotics

individual patient data will not be available to other researchers. This is a quality improvement study

Allison McGeer

Medical Director, Infection Prevention and Control

Mount Sinai Hospital, Canada

The clinical charts of NCWS female patients attending the outpatient centers of the Department of Internal Medicine at the University Hospital of Palermo and the Department of Internal Medicine of the Hospital of Sciacca will be reviewed with a retrospective method. They had all been diagnosed with NCWS between January 2001 and June 2011 and included in a previously published study. These charts included specific sections for associated gynaecological disorders. Incomplete clinical charts will be excluded. All the patients will be evaluated at baseline (i.e. at diagnosis) and after at least a 6-months period of gluten-free diet.

To compare the presence and characteristics of gynaecological disorders in NCWS female patients, a control group of CD female patients had been randomly chosen by a computer-generated method from female patients diagnosed during the same period (2001-2011) and age- (+2 years) matched with the NCWS female patients. Similar to NCWS patients, also this control group was asked for gynaecological disorders and the answers reported in the patients clinical charts. All the patients will be evaluated at baseline (i.e. at diagnosis) and after at least a 6-months period of gluten-free diet.

To compare the presence and characteristics of gynaecological disorders in NCWS female patients, a control group of IBS female patients had been randomly chosen by a computer-generated method from female subjects diagnosed during the same period (2001-2011) and age- (+2 years) matched with the NCWS female patients. Similar to NCWS patients, also this control group was asked for gynaecological disorders and the answers reported in the patients clinical charts. All the patients will be evaluated at baseline (i.e. at diagnosis) and after at least a 6-months period of gluten-free diet.

The investigators prospectively will survey adult female patients with functional gastroenterological symptoms according to the Rome III criteria, and a suspected diagnosis of NCWS. The patients will be recruited between January 2017 and January 2018 at the same 2 centers. Most of the patients will be referred owing to gastrointestinal and extraintestinal symptoms, the onset of which, they reported, could be related to wheat ingestion. In addition, patients will be asked about the presence and characteristics of gynaecological disorders using an ad hoc questionnaire. All the patients will be evaluated at baseline (i.e. at diagnosis) and after at least a 6-months period of gluten-free diet.

To compare the presence and characteristics of gynaecological disorders in NCWS female patients, a control group of CD female patients will be randomly chosen by a computer-generated method from female subjects diagnosed during the same period (2017-2018) and age- (+2 years) matched with the NCWS female patients. Similar to NCWS patients, also this control group will be asked for gynaecological disorders and the answers reported in the patients clinical charts. All the patients will be evaluated at baseline (i.e. at diagnosis) and after at least a 6-months period of gluten-free diet.

To compare the presence and characteristics of gynaecological disorders in NCWS female patients, a control group of IBS female patients will be randomly chosen by a computer-generated method from female subjects diagnosed during the same period (2017-2018) and age- (+2 years) matched with the NCWS female patients. Similar to NCWS patients, also this control group will be asked for gynaecological disorders and the answers reported in the patients clinical charts. All the patients will be evaluated at baseline (i.e. at diagnosis) and after at least a 6-months period of gluten-free diet.

Non-celiac Wheat Sensitivity

The investigators will evaluate the modification of gynaecological disorder after a gluten (wheat)-free diet.

Gluten free diet

Department of Internal Medicine, Giovanni Paolo II Hospital of Sciacca

Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Palermo

Gynaecological Disorders in Not-celiac Wheat Sensitivity

Gynaecological Disorders in Patients With Not-celiac Wheat Sensitivity

Prevalence of gynaecological disorders in retrospective and prospective NCWS female patients, compared to retrospective and prospective CD and IBS female patients.

Gynaecological disorders evaluation after at least 6 months of gluten-free diet after the NCWS diagnosis, by visual analogic scales, specific questionnaire, and clinical examination, both in retrospective and prospective NCWS female patients.

Pasquale Mansueto

University of Palermo

Metronidazole added to background TB treatment regimen during initial 2 months

Placebo added to background TB treatment regimen during initial 2 months

Subjects were randomized to receive metronidazole 500 mg TID or placebo for 8 weeks, in addition to an individualized background TB treatment regimen. Total duration of treatment was about 18 months following sputum culture conversion.

Metronidazole

Placebo

Total

Sex: Female, Male

Lesions were defined as nodules (<2 mm, 2-<4 mm, and 4-10 mm), consolidations, collapse, cavities, fibrosis, bronchial thickening, tree-in-bud opacities, and ground glass opacities. Each CT was divided into six zones (upper, middle, and lower zones of the right and left lungs) and independently scored for the above lesions by three separate radiologists blinded to treatment arm. A fourth radiologist adjudicated any scores that were widely discrepant among the initial three radiologists. The HRCT score was determined by visually estimating the extent of the above lesions in each lung zone as follows: 0=0% involvement; 1= 1-25% involvement; 2=26-50% involvement; 3=51-75% involvement; and 4=76-100% involvement. A composite score for each lesion was calculated by adding the score for each specific abnormality in the 6 lung zones and dividing by 6, with the change in composite score measured at 2 and 6 months compared to baseline. Composite sums of all 10 composite scores are reported.

Subjects were randomized to receive metronidazole 500 mg three times daily or placebo for 8 weeks, in addition to an individualized background TB treatment regimen. Total duration of treatment was about 18 months following sputum culture conversion.

Changes in TB Lesion Sizes Using High Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT).

Time to Sputum Culture Conversion to Negative on Solid Medium

Overall Study

Ray Chen

Tuberculosis

Multi-Drug Resistant Tuberculosis

Blood Draw

CT Scan

PET Scan

National Masan Tuberculosis Hospital

Yonsei University College of Medicine

Metronidazole for Pulmonary Tuberculosis (South Korea)

A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Phase II Study of Metronidazole Combined With Antituberculous Chemotherapy vs. Antituberculous Chemotherapy With Placebo in Subjects With Multi-Drug Resistant Pulmonary Tuberculosis

vaginitis/nausea

The Effects of Abdominal Massage on Functional (Primary) Chronic Constipation

Safety and Effectiveness of a Laboratory Intervention to Effectively NOT Treat Asymptomatic Bacteriuria

Gynaecological Disorders in Not-celiac Wheat Sensitivity

Metronidazole for Pulmonary Tuberculosis (South Korea)

Plasma and Abscess Fluid Pharmacokinetics of Cefpirome and Moxifloxacin After Single and Multiple Dose Administration

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