Oxytocin 5IU IV bolus, followed by an infusion of oxytocin 20IU/L, running at at rate of 40mIU/min for 8 hours

Oxytocin 5IU IV bolus + Ergot 0.25mg IV, followed by an infusion of oxytocin 20IU/L, running at at rate of 40mIU/min for 8 hours

Oxytocin 5IU IV bolus + Carboprost 0.25mg IM, followed by an infusion of oxytocin 20IU/L, running at at rate of 40mIU/min for 8 hours

Postpartum Hemorrhage

Oxytocin

Ergot

Carboprost

Mount Sinai Hospital

Comparison of IV Ergonovine With IM Carboprost, With Oxytocin IV, During Cesarean Section for Failure to Progress

Comparison of Intravenous Ergonovine With Intramuscular Carboprost, Both in Combination With Oxytocin Infusion, During Cesarean Section for Failure to Progress in Labor: A Double-blinded Placebo-controlled Randomized Controlled Trial

Need for additional uterotonics intraoperatively if requested by the surgeon, YES or NO

Adequate/inadequate uterine tone at 5 min
Need for additional uterotonics intraoperatively as requested by the obstetrician
Need for additional uterotonics or interventions in the first 24 hours post-partum

In the OR, heart rate, blood pressure, and oxygen saturation will be measured and looked at for abnormalities

The presence of nausea, vomiting,other dysrhythmias, chest pain, headache, bronchospasm and any others will be recorded.

calculated blood loss = EBV (Pre-op Htc-Post-op Htc) EBV (estimated blood volume, mL)=patient's weight in kg x 85

Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital

All samples will undergo dose response treatment (increasing concentrations) of one of the four uterotonic drugs: oxytocin, ergonovine, prostaglandin F2alpha, or misoprostol.

Oxytocin, 10-10mol/L to 10-5mol/L; solution made in double-distilled autoclaved water and then tested in physiological salt solution.

Ergonovine, 10-10mol/L to 10-5mol/L; solution made in double-distilled autoclaved water and then tested in physiological salt solution.

Ergonovine

Prostaglandin F2alpha, 10-10mol/L to 10-5mol/L; solution made in double-distilled autoclaved water and then tested in physiological salt solution.

Prostaglandin F2alpha

Misoprostol, 10-10mol/L to 10-5mol/L; solution made in double-distilled autoclaved water and then tested in physiological salt solution.

Misoprostol

In Vitro Myometrial Contractions in Laboring and Non-laboring Women

In Vitro Myometrial Contractions in Laboring and Non-laboring Women: Oxytocin is Superior to Other Uterotonic Agents

University of Toronto

Canadian Anesthesiologists' Society

A control sample from each patient (no uterotonic drug applied) will be measured concurrently with samples treated with various drugs.

Samples from each patient will be bathed in solutions containing varying concentrations of either oxytocin, carboprost and ergonovine, and contractility will be measured.

Oxytocin, 10-9mol/L to 10-3mol/L, in Krebs-Henseleit solution.

Ergonovine, 10-9mol/L to 10-3mol/L, in Krebs-Henseleit solution.

Carboprost, 10-9mol/L to 10-3mol/L, in Krebs-Henseleit solution.

Oxytocin and Ergonovine, 10-9mol/L to 10-3mol/L, in Krebs-Henseleit solution.

Oxytocin and Ergonovine

Oxytocin and Carboprost, 10-9mol/L to 10-3mol/L, in Krebs-Henseleit solution.

ergonovine/hemorrhage

Comparison of IV Ergonovine With IM Carboprost, With Oxytocin IV, During Cesarean Section for Failure to Progress

In Vitro Myometrial Contractions in Laboring and Non-laboring Women

Impact of Uterotonic Agents on Isolated Human Myometrium

Ergot and Oxytocin During Cesarean Delivery Following Failure to Progress in Labour

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